Norway has reportedly become the first country to give the go-ahead for deep sea mining for commercial purposes by opening up its sea bed for the same. The parliament voted on Tuesday with an 80-20 vote which even had the support of cross parties. Moreover, this deep sea exploration is also expected to speed up the search for precious metals, some of which are necessary for developments in green technology as well.
This decision comes in the wake of concerns raised by marine biologists about the devastating effect of mining on marine life. The US and UK have issued a temporary ban on mining in the deep sea, citing environmental concerns.
Norway has faced criticism after approving deep-sea mining in its waters, exposing an area larger than Britain to potential mining, covering 280,000 sq km. Companies can now apply for licenses to extract minerals such as lithium, scandium, and cobalt.
International backlash and government measures for safety
Despite protests from environmental scientists, Greenpeace, and WWF, the Norwegian government defended its decision, stating that licenses still require parliamentary approval, added after international backlash. The Environmental Justice Foundation labeled the move an “irrevocable black mark” on Norway’s ocean-friendly reputation. The decision was seen as contradictory to Norway’s commitment to environmental leadership. The decision faced international backlash, with Greenpeace deeming it a “shameful day” for Norway, and WWF finding a “small glimmer of hope” in the parliamentary approval requirement for extraction licenses.
The government claimed it would be cautious and issue licenses only after more environmental research. Deep-sea mining is contested due to its environmental impact, threatening unique wildlife, disturbing the world’s largest carbon store, and hindering the transition to clean economies. The controversy highlights the tension between economic interests and environmental conservation.
Scientific Warnings for Norway’s Move and Alternatives to Deep-Sea Mining
Steve Trent, CEO and founder of the Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF), emphasized the severe impacts on ocean wildlife revealed by recent scientific studies in Norwegian waters. He has urged lawmakers to reconsider the approval of deep-sea mining. The EJF’s report, released on Tuesday, argued that deep-sea mining is unnecessary for a clean energy transition. The report suggested that a combination of a circular economy, advanced technology, and improved recycling could reduce cumulative mineral demand by 58% from 2022 to 2050.
Trent highlighted the potential of upgrading economies and achieving zero carbon without resorting to deep-sea mining. He also cited the advancements in battery technologies and the adequacy of existing mineral supplies if recycling rates were enhanced. He challenged the rationale behind jeopardizing the deep ocean for cobalt and nickel and asserted that the argument for such destruction does not withstand scrutiny. As the International Seabed Authority prepares to meet later this year to finalize rules on deep-sea mining, a crucial vote is expected next year, intensifying the global debate on the environmental and economic implications of this controversial practice.
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